Anti-hero on Clockwork Orange and the film Unforgiven

The Idea of an antithesis to an anti-hero began its first appear in literature as early as in the Greek novel Don Quixote, but the bloom of a modern time anti-hero can be traced back to the period of Romanticism. Through the view of an anti-hero, we are ultimately challenged to look at ourselves and our contemporary world and recognize the complexity of human condition.In Clockwork Orange and Unforgiving, the dichotomies relationship between two protagonists Alex and Will Mummy has demonstrated our deeper understanding of the notion of an anti-hero. Alex represents the common men chained by society and their own insignificance and shaped by his world. In abstract, he is Just a representation of his world; the â€Å"†¦ Slot machines†¦ † At the train station symbolizes the corruption of contemporary morals and that Alex is Just another reflection of this world. Similarly, the subverted motif of milk in the text exposes a dual Image of Innocence and transgression.Far fr om being symbols of purity and nurture, â€Å"Innocent milk† which Alex drinks portrays the child-Like act contaminated as an instrument to heighten their inclination for â€Å"ultra violence†, furthering the idea hat Alex is a product of his environment. In other words, Alex is the inevitable socially and environmentally influenced personality of our nature and our world. Also, Alex shows common traits of anti-hero, the absolute lack of masculinity and heroism through his acts of violence and impotency.His vandalism In the train â€Å"†¦ To pass the three minute ride†¦ † Suggests that violence Is a source of entertainment and amusement In the matters of something as simple and common as time. Even though his brutality and ignorance are immature and despicable, it is also that sense of free rein to his violent impulses which makes him human. When violence is used against him and makes him â€Å"good†, it implies that that goodness is inauthentic and only driven by deterministic mechanism.Therefore, Alex illustrates that true goodness comes from within and evil is necessary in being a complete human being. On the other hand, Will Mummy depicts a starkly opposite anti-heroic qualities to Alex but an anti-hero that Is far Innately human condition. The literal metaphor of Will Mummy rolling in mud emphasizes everything he sacrificed to become a decent paternal figure. Likewise, he recognizes and accepts his past morally baseless man that killed †¦ Everything that walks or crawls at one time or another. † , and thus indicating he is debased of any pretension.The close shot of Will rejecting a â€Å"free one† represents his self-actualization which pervades the film until Will divorces his quest. Throughout the film, his Incessant allusion to his wife as the reason for his arc of change highlights that we as humans are complex, more confusing and more relating by our nature. Moreover, the old western setting in unforgiving effectively lends itself to the anti-hero. In such harsh and desolate environment, Will's financial hardship leads IM to be morally ambiguous to survive and allows him to commit villainous acts for good reason.In addition, the sense of lawlessness In the Old West empowers the significant role of the sheriff as the absolute personification of law. Similar to Will ruthless enforcements. Not only that, Little Bill's dramatic foil highlights the utilization of violence in Will's morally ambiguous quest. Through Will, we can identify the scarred humanity innately progressing through the world. In the comparison of Alex and Will Mummy, amalgamation of good and evil, use of violence and ironic moral ambiguity could be understood as a full-value representative of an anti-hero.It is clear that in spite of differences in background and social frailties, both protagonists employ violence in defense of individuality or to survive. The dark side of Will's nature resurfaces at the en d revealing his failure to remain a noble man, and Alex is deprived of the possibility to choose which signifies free will and existence of the self. Moreover, the visual depiction of Will and Ale's anti-heroism motivates us to reflect more on our self-actualization and positions us to hate and feel moral ambiguity bout the character and towards the character.They are portrayed to have flaws but held fast to their true nature, and thus show the real human nature. To conclude, the two dichotomous characters are Juxtaposed and combined to represent two anti- heroes that we can realistically and sympathetically relate to in spite of their undesirable true nature, furthering that they are necessary and fundamental part of human nature. Therefore, the realistic traits of an anti-hero exemplify the complex human nature and ultimately connect us to their lack of conventional greatness and our own world and humanity.

Defending the Play Trifle Essay

In the play, Trifles by Susan Glaspell, is about a murder mystery of Mr. Wright. The men; the court attorney, sheriff, and Mr. Hale, a neighorbor to the Wright family, and the women; the sheriff’s wife, Mrs. Peter and Mrs. Hale, solve the mysery in two very different ways. The men show up at the house as a crime scene, and only focusing on the bigger, important elements of a murder mystery. As Mr. Hale was trying to explain everything he saw in the house that morning of Mr. Wright’s death, he said â€Å"She was rockin’ back and forth. She had her apron in her hand and was kind of – pleating it (1154)†. Meanwhile, Mr. Hale was looking for Mr. Wright, Mrs. Wright was kind of subtle and said you can’t. Mr. Hale was confused. All she said then was he has been murder. All three men go upstairs to talk and investigate the body. One the otherhand, the women approach the house as a home, and focusing on the trifles, meaning small detail or unimportant, such as baking mess, unfinished sewing, and unwashed pans & cleaning. As the women are worried about Mrs. Wright’s trifles in the house the men like to make fun of them. For example, Hale stated, â€Å"Well, women are used to worryin’ over trifles (1156)†. Mrs. Wright loved making preserves as her fruit froze in the freezer and made a big mess that the two women were worried about, so the sheriff said â€Å"Well, can you beat the women! Held for murder and worryin’ about her perserves (1155)’. In society, as you can see, men tend to ingore the women’s world, blind to the truth before their eyes. A critic once said Trifles is a lousy play because by the third page we already know who done it, so there isn’t much reason the sit through the rest of the play. A murder mystery does not have to keep the reader in suspense to who the culprit was, but why the culprit did it. The key element in the play Trifles is motive, the reason or emotion that drives a person to do something. What made Mrs. Wright drive to kill her husband? As the men look for any possible motive, the women talk to one another about Mrs. Wright. They end up finding a bird cage with a broken door, but they find no bird. Another possible movite uncovered by the women is the discovery of the dead bird. They found the bird, dead, somebody had strangled the bird. So, just because a murder happens early, does not make it a bad play. Works Cited X. J. Kennedy. Dana Gioia. LITERATURE An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Trifles. 12 ed. New Jersey: Pearson. 2013. Pages1153-1163.

The Issue Of Concussions And Its Effects - 2617 Words

The issue of concussions has been downplayed for years dating back to when the first forms of professional football came to the U.S. but the past 10 years have been drastically different. We need to be more aware as a society about the negative consequences that occurs with a concussion in the short term and the long run. Researchers claim that concussions can decrease your thinking capacity all the way to even a shortened life span. Most importantly to any claim there is proof; numerous athletes over the years have unfortunately committed suicide because of depression/post concussion symptoms. However, the world runs on money thus lawsuits by former athletes are starting to be very common as most have lost their career earnings due to addictions. The real issue is how can we as a society limit concussions from having such terrible effects. This research paper details the social and economic spheres that stem from concussions and their effects. With emphasis on how to prevent trauma tic brain injuries from occurring and the proper rehabilitation steps once one has been sustained. This paper will also address solutions for this issue at hand with regards to prevention, treatment and recovery. In the health world, concussions are finally now deemed as serious issues to physicians and athletic trainers. A couple decades ago, concussions were seen as just â€Å"getting your bell rung† with no long-term effects, that is really tragic when we really look back on it. There were manyShow MoreRelatedAthletes And Concussions With Concussions1738 Words   |  7 Pages300,000 concussions each year (11 Facts). A concussion is a traumatic brain injury that causes swelling of the brain s soft tissue and disrupts normal brain function (Concussion). A concussion has potential to impact memory and coordination for the rest of the athlete s life along with lead to other, more serious, brain injuries. In order for athletes to reduce the effects from concussions, they need to be educated on the symptoms, ways to avoid the injury, and the possible lifelong effects. ForRead MoreThe Effects Of Concussions On Athletes And Concussions1383 Words   |  6 PagesLastly, having multiple concussions produce long term effects on athletes. This was proven by a study performed that compared athletes with a history of concussions to athletes with no concussion history using a concussion test known as: Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT). This is a computerized test that measures memory capabilities to determine if an athlete has a concussion. It was taken by the athletes prior to their season to find a baseline level. This baselineRead MoreEssay about Concussions Around The World685 Words   |  3 PagesConcussions are a rising issue in the daily life of many athletes in the sports of hockey, soccer, football, and skateboarding. Every 21 seconds, someone in this country encounters a brain injury. Concussions are brain injuries caused by jolts or hard hits around the head. When the tissue of the brain slams against the stro ng, thick skull in your head, a concussion is very common. This leads to either swelling of the brain, â€Å"torn blood vessels, or injury to the nerves.† (Haas) Eventually, the resultRead MoreThe Effects Of Concussions On The Brain1698 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: A concussion is a mild form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a sudden or violent blow, bump, or jolt to the head. Concussions can also occur from a fall or a blow to the body that causes the head to move rapidly back and forth. These types of sudden or violent impacts make the brain accelerate inside of the skull, in movements called coups and contrecoups. These movements lead to the brain striking the front and back of the skull, damaging the delicate and vital organ. TheRead MoreNfl s New York Giants And San 49ers1651 Words   |  7 Pagesthat vicious, helmet-to-helmet hits are simply â€Å"part of the game† (Battista). For many years, this view, in which concussions are actually considered to be good in the way that they show one’s toughness and dedication to football, has been shared by many players and coaches throughout the league. The generally short length of the effects of concussions (or at least the immediate effects) and the frequency at which they happen have contributed to this dangerously careless perception of the ailment,Read MoreThe Price of Concussions in Sports1084 Words   |  4 PagesLeague of Denial examines the issue of brain injuries in the National Football League. The film devotes most of its attention to the story of Mike Webster, who died at the age of fifty as a result of severe brain injuries suffered throughout his playing career. Webster’s story highlights the devastating effect concussions can have in a short timeframe. Because brain injuries are known to develop quickly it is important that the NFL responds quickly to this concussion crisis. The NFL is the most popularRead MoreConcussions Are Becoming Less Of An Issue Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesConcussions are becoming less of an issue due to better procedures and management. Many kids who are into contact sports will receive a concussion at some point in their career. This became a serious issue around the early 1990s and is now one of the most serious issues in today s sports. The main concern is trying to know when kids are ready to get back onto the field. Coaches, doctors, and parents are getting worried about the safety of their kids and are skeptical about letting them continueRead MoreConcussions On Football : Is It Worth It?928 Words   |  4 PagesConcussions in Football: Is it worth it? There’s no doubt that concussions in football has become a major problem, not just for the professional athletes, but for kids of all ages from age 8 to 19. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has shown that concussion have doubled in the last decade and The American Academy of Pediatrics says that, â€Å"emergency room visits for concussions in children ages 8 to 13 years old has doubled, and concussions have risen 200 percent among teens ages 14 toRead MoreSports Is The Most Dangerous Sport1464 Words   |  6 Pagesbrain problems because of so many hits to the head, causing them to have a concussion. Concussions damage the brain and create illnesses and diseases the are hard to get rid of. Although sports in all levels are deeply ingrained in the American society, football and hockey are riddled with head injuries and should be changed from the lowest levels through professional sports to lessen the devastating effects of concussions. In today’s society, NFL players and hockey player are the inspiration inRead MoreConcussions And The Brain : One Of The Body s Most Important Organs1028 Words   |  5 PagesImani Harris-May Teacher Lynda Kachman CTE Advanced Studies 4 November 2014 Concussions and the brain: One of the body’s most important organs. The brain is the center of the nervous system; it receives information, interprets the information and guides the body’s response to the information. Three parts of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the diencephalon, along with the brain stem. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain which handles memory, speech, the senses, emotional responses

Organizational Culture The Organizations Vision And Its...

Introduction Organisational culture, also known as corporate culture, encompasses the principles, backgrounds and views of all the employees of an organisation (Homburg Pflesser 2000 pp.449-462). This often provides each company with their unique corporate identity, as no two businesses or employees are the same. The idea of individuality leads to companies striving to achieve a ‘strong culture’, which involves the entire work cohort sharing consistent goals and motivations, in hopes of potentially garnering higher profit margins as there many advantages that come with a stronger culture. Such benefits include greater productivity levels, loyalty and the unity of all of an organisation’s employees. While having a ‘strong culture’ is†¦show more content†¦These aspects in turn influence commercial operations such as the communication between peers, clients and shareholders as well dictate how employees act and perform their work duties. Organisational cult ure tends to decrease ambiguity in the workplace as to how tasks should be conducted, as well as give each company their distinct individual identity (Tajfel Turner 1986 pp.7-24). Every business has their unique culture, which serves the purpose of providing standards and limitations for the behaviour that should be carried out while employed at the organisation (Calori Samin 1991 pp.49-74). Numerous aspects make up a businesses unique culture, such as behavioural practices, group norms, the promoted values of the company, as well as the mental models a company chooses to adopt. As time passes, a company forms behavioural uniformities in regards to how employees interact. The customs and traditions that are adapted and brought into the workplace, plus the practices used in dealing with certain situations, are what these behavioural uniformities encompass (Trice Beyer 1993 pp.84-87). Behavioural practices also generally influence group norms, which are the implied principles and values that develop when working in a group (Schein 2010 p.16). These then carry over to the whole of the company, which solidifies the adopted values of the corporation. These

Is Psychology a Science Essay - 1133 Words

The British Psychological Society states that ‘Psychology is the scientific study of people, the mind and behaviour’ (BPS). In this essay I will be discussing what is actually meant by this and whether psychology fits into both the traditional views of a science, as well as more contemporary perspectives. It is widely suggested that Psychology is a â€Å"coalition of specialities† meaning it is multi-disciplinary (Hewstone, Fincham and Foster 2005, page 4). I will therefore examine whether it could be considered wrong to think that all parts of the discipline should neatly fit into one view of a scientific approach. In order to be considered a science, Psychology must consequently adhere to using a scientific method. If this were, as usual,†¦show more content†¦Studies such as the afore mentioned Milgram study showed that what may appear to be the most expected outcome may, in truth, be very different. I would also go on to argue that in actuality all sci ences are some adaptation of common sense (Oppenheimer, 1956), leaving Psychology in this way, no different to any of the others. Ben Goldacre even argues that particular forms of science, such as neuroscience, regularly offer empirically incorrect research in reputable journals, claiming statistically significant results without the appropriate statistical tests (Guardian). Furthermore, there are three main aspects which were customarily associated with a science: metaphysical, theoretical and methodological assumptions. Under metaphysical it is believed that to gain scientific status requires the certainty that the subject matter i.e. human thought/ behaviour, is similar to that of other accepted sciences. This could then be true for Psychology, as particularly since Darwin’s suggestion of a continuity between behaviours of humans and other species, behaviour has become more scrutinised. However, this must be assumed in respect of determinism, suggesting predictions could b e made. ‘Heisenbergs uncertainty principle’ suggests that when relating evidence of indeterminism within the universe to human behaviour, it proves ambiguous, and with parts of the discipline believing strongly in free will it seems difficult to establish a common ground (Valentine E.R. page 2).Show MoreRelatedThe Science Of Psychology And Psychology2314 Words   |  10 PagesChapter 1: The Science of Psychology Downs, Martin. â€Å"Psychology vs. Psychiatry: Which is better?† WebMd.com. WebMD, Inc., 2005. Web. 30 Nov. 2014. The article is about the importance of psychology, the article is written by the Downs Martin in the year of 2005. This article is very much important and it is providing information about the psychology and about the psychiatrist. In the medical treatment the psychological is very useful and significant means of medical treatment. According to writerRead MorePsychology as a Science1163 Words   |  5 PagesPSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE Psychology is the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and their mental processes. (Fuchs amp; Milar, 2002). But what makes it a scientific study? First of all, why not? Nowadays the idea of psychology as a science seems so natural to us, but it was not always like this. The late-eighteenth-century declaration that a true scientific study of the mind was not possible posed a challenge that was answered in the nineteenth century when the possibilityRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?1518 Words   |  7 PagesWhether psychology is a science or not has been a long running debate between psychologists and other scientists alike. There have been various attempts at making psychology a scientific discipline in the past such as the movement from behaviourism into cognitivism. Researchers such as Wundt and Watson have worked hard to bring psychology into the world of scientific research and through the years have made a very good start but have they managed to achieve scientific criteria? Berezow (2012) definedRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?998 Words   |  4 PagesThe question that ‘psychology is a Science’ motivates a substantially critical debate amongst many professions, having very strong opinions. To come to a vigorous conclusion on this subject we must take into recognition both sides of the argument, what is science, and weather Psychology meets the principles of Science. In doing this the following essay will be debating the principles of science, the scientific unifying approach, poppers opinion on whether psychology is a science through his theoryRead MorePsychology as a Science1774 Words   |  8 PagesDefine Psychology. Is psychology a science? Elucidate your answer with relevant arguments. DEFINITIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology has been defined in different ways.Some people have defined psychology as an art.Other people have defined psychology as a science.Many text books define psychology as the science of mind and behavior.Psychology involves the study of human nature and/or behavior.Different opinions come from different perspectives. Eric Pettifor at GIGANTOPITHECUS defines psychology as anRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?2038 Words   |  9 Pagesbeing that science helps many parts of our lives? â€Å"Like all science, psychology is knowledge: and like science, it is knowledge of a definite thing, the mind† in this quote by James Mark Baldwin, it states that psychology is a science, a science that is being used in many different ways. Unlike usual science, that teach us about cells, rocks, and animals, this science gives us a glimpse of something that everyone has and something that everyone has questions about†¦ the mind! Psychology helps us inRead MoreIs Psychology a Science2271 Words   |  10 PagesIs psychology a science? Discuss using evidence from the five approaches. To answer this question I feel it is important to understand the definitions of psychology and science. I will start with definitions of the terms psychology and science and will briefly review the methods of psychology. I will outline the behaviourist approach, the psychoanalytical approach, the cognitive approach, the humanistic approach and the biological approach. In order to confirm whether psychology can fulfil theRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?2372 Words   |  10 PagesPsychology as a science is very complicated, with many parts and attributions to other fields of science. These many parts come together to help explain why humans behave the way they do. Most of this depends on the brain and the way it tells our bodies to react to the environment around us. Our brain function allows us to have these reactions, along with many other things that make up a person. Their motivation, emotions, development, and personality are all products of the different functions andRead MoreP sychology Is The Science Of Natural Science1080 Words   |  5 PagesPsychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its methods, nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness -John B. Watson There are five main approaches to psychology known as â€Å"schools of thought† that make assumptions about the nature ofRead MoreReflecting On Psychology As A Science912 Words   |  4 Pages Reflecting on Psychology as a Science Before I had ever begun to ponder cognitive abilities, or understand the connections between Dopamine and schizophrenia, my concepts of psychology were shaped by the perverse world of popular culture. Prime time psychologists tend to come in two forms. Viewers are either enticed by an intense and traumatized psychologist who sneaks into the minds of criminals or annoyed be the one episode guest star analyst whose only goal seems

Indians Of The United States Essay Example For Students

Indians Of The United States Essay Indians of the United StatesThere was a time long ago when there was no man in America, only animals. This was thousands of years before Columbus ever set eyes on America. What he saw was different; he saw a land populated from the north to the south. Due to the natural instinct of man to explore, the explorers just that to figure out the mysterious Indians. The explorers later theorized that the Indians came from Siberia through a land bridge in the Bering Strait during the time when the water levels were not high. They also realized that it was difficult to predict the times when things happened to the Indians since they did not keep written records. Then they figured out by use of imagination that the Indians crossed over the land bridge to Alaska finding wild game. And following rivers and bodies of water, they moved south covering most of America. Another evidence was found near the site of Folsom, New Mexico, which was an arrow points or dart point. Fossils found showed that they used these arrow points to hunt mammoths and other animals. We can only guess what the story of the Indians is based on evidence and the story they sketched out in cave walls. I found this book to be very interesting and useful due to the fact that it covers many aspects of the Indian culture and it covers many different tribes and groups of the Indians. Also this books spans many years, following the development of the Indians. Also, this book portrays the struggles and hardships of the Indians. Another reason why I chose this book was because it covered the group of my choice, the Zunis, in extensive detail.

Wallia Sports Company Business Platform

Introduction The initial stage of establishing a business and seeing it grow to a successful venture is very demanding and it requires surviving the initial startup hurdles. Successful startups have evaded many entrepreneurs and in the process, many of them have ended up closing shop after only a few years in operation.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is the reason why Klofsten developed an idea that would help startups self evaluate their progress and seize their business strength and chances of survival. Klofsten called this idea the Business Platform and argued that for any startup to survive, it must attain a business platform (Davidsson Klofsten 2003). Such a platform would help the businesses tackle and overcome startup vulnerabilities. Klofsten (1998) continues to explain that even though the business platform may not necessari ly guarantee survival of the business, its achievement is very crucial for the growth of a company. Therefore business platform is not the ultimate goal in any company’s development but is nonetheless vital for success (Bell Mason 1991). This platform can be used in new technology based small firms (NTSFs) as a tool to help them do a self- diagnosis on their developmental needs and strategies. It distinguishes between goals and tools for business growth (Yencken Gillin 2006). Therefore it is a very useful tool in evaluating Wallia Sports, a new technology based small firm dealing with sports technology, developmental needs and opportunities in the sports technology market. Wallia Sports Wallia sports in a company that deals with the development and marketing of sports technologies and goods such as the digital tachometer. This is a new invention for use with modern gym equipment or rowing boats. The other product that Wallia sports have developed is the stepometer, a device designed for use by amateur runners. The company is owned by Digitech and a few other stakeholders, with Digitech holding the majority shares and control. The company was established after an extensive market survey on the necessity for its products. The investors contributed a lot of capital during the years of operation of the company. However, there were no commensurate returns with the company registering a partly  £62,000 return on its fourth year after establishment despite a  £625,000 initial capital injection. Eventually the company folded due to a number of reasons, most of which can be summarized using Klofsten’s business platform model Wallia Sport strengths for growth Despite the fact that the company did not grow to its full potential, it had several growth opportunities. Davidson and Klofsten (2003) argue that any successful start up must have the relevant and fully qualified staffs to help the company develop products and services that are relevant to the market.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, the staff helps the company attain market competency. Such staff must not only have the relevant academic qualification and credentials but also the relevant experience and skills. Lack of business skills among the staff is a big impediment for the company’s growth (Davis, Vladica Berkowitz 2008). In its attainment of a business platform, Wallia Sports assembled a versatile team of experts in all fields who had the necessary qualifications in both academia and business skills. They had vast experience in the field of sports technology management as well as in starting up of new businesses. Furthermore the team complemented each other in terms of knowledge. The company’s experience was drawn from both individual and corporate background such as Digitech (founding firm) and Venture Capital in starting and run ning small business. The board of management which had vast knowledge and experience in marketing was also included, as well as a host of other individuals with diverse knowledge and business experience. This rich base of knowledge and expertise set the company up for effective competition with its peers in the sports technology market. At inception, Wallia Sports had a very rich source of equity and capital for investment. Ability to access investment capital means that the company was ready for investment. The investment readiness of the company had the potential to attract credible investors (Mason Harrison 2004). Several firms, such as European venture, capital companies, Digitech, Anglo Sports Retail and a US Investment Fund injected capital in excess of  £625,000 over the first three years of existence. Such investment readiness was also boasted by the fact that the company had the relevant expertise in human personnel. The company also had a very strong driving force in th e early stages of its existence. The founders not only had a strong desire to create employment but also were driven by the need to create and build a successful company. That is why the company hired experienced and qualified staff and equity partners. Digitech also made consistent efforts to create a successful business and was committed to the company’s present and future growth. Moreover, the company felt the need to develop more than one income generating opportunity (Yenckin Gillian 2006; Klofsten 1998).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company thus developed two sports technology equipment, the tachometer and stepometer. Everyone at the company including the capital investors, management board and industrial firms, was committed to making the company a successful business venture with keen attention to future prospects. E quity holders had made significant in investment capital and were interested in making sufficient returns on their investment. The organization had taken the necessary steps towards conducting market research for its products with the intention of commercializing them. The idea was to develop products that had a niche over the competing products in the market (Klofsten 1998; Hindle Yenckin 2004). The tachometer was a revolution and the newest sports technologies application to rowing. The researchers and judges from the University of Oxford found out the product had very unique technological advantages that would have made the commercialization of the product a worthwhile venture. In order to ensure that the products were commercially viable the company invested a lot of money and time in market research before rolling out the business. The company had also aimed at achieving a business platform by taking the necessary steps towards establishing and marking out potential customers and market niche. This is achieved through several steps. They include gathering information through research. The resultant market intelligence generates valuable insight into potential market and possible competition. Other than this the organization should be supplied with the relevant personnel experts in sales and marketing as well as experienced leadership (Yenckien Gillian; Klofsten 1998). In addition, a clear and profitable market niche for products and services had to be identified. This also includes qualifying the market potential and creating contacts with the market (Klofste 1998). As such, the company had included some of the most competent marketers as part of the board of directors’ team. After a thorough market research, Wallia Sports identified a potential market in TechnoGym and Puma, two large corporations that would have given the company a large customer base. The company also calculated sales for its two products and the results were impressive. Market intelligence for the company comes from its own internally conducted research and supplemented by market intelligence from the inventors and researchers of the two products at the University of Oxford. The company has achieved the four main elements of competitiveness. The four are qualified experienced human capital, a founder (Digitech) who had the management knowledge in this business, vast industry knowledge by the founder on the industry and the ability to attract capital from potential and experienced investors and equity firms (Gummesson 2002; Westhead, Wright Ucbasaran 2001).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On these four variables the company attained a commendable score on achieving a business platform for sustainable growth and competitiveness in the sports technology market and as such had a very good opportunity for growth. Wallia business development needs and opportunities The company had made the expected progress in the first years of existence. Despite the fact that the company had achieved commendable business plat form then, it still ended up winding up ten years after it was established. This is due to a number of potential opportunities for growth and development that the company had but did not utilize. Some of the weaknesses occurred in product development, relations establishment, and company management and ownership which led the company to lose focus. There are other opportunities that influence a company’s strategy which in turn has an effect on a company’s organizational structure (Williamson 1984). Williamson further notes that there is a difference i n ownership and management structures between large firms and small firms especially startups. In the small firms ownership and management are rarely separated while in large corporations the management is distanced from ownership. This is due to the complexities that arise from these two issues. Business ownership and management affects to a large extent other variables such as business objectives, the overall business practices, and marketing of products. The reason for the success of big corporations is their ability to separate the two (Beaver 2003). The genesis of Wallia Sports had been its inability to separate management and ownership. The company was owned and management by its majority shareholders, led by Digitech its founder. It also had successive changes in equity holders and managers for the short period it existed and as such the company did not achieve operational consistency. The management and ownership structure led to several disagreements over the running of the company. This resulted in several equity holders, investors, managers and relationship officers to walk out before any meaningful gain was made on business. Other than management and ownership vulnerabilities, the company failed to establish a credible business platform in relation to both the internal and external partners. For successful growth and development a company must establish sufficient relationship with customers (Klofsten 1998). Maintaining worthy relationships has a long- term positive effect and helps a firm plan and eliminates the risk of running out of business (Gummesson 2002). Out of the eight relationships that Wallia sport created none of them was customer oriented. As such the company did not have a direct contact with the clients, a major shortcoming in its growth strategy. The firm did not also go beyond defining the potential users. The only worthy relationship the company created was with financiers and this kind of relationship does not address growth and development issues (Westhead, Wright Ucbasaran 2001) Wallia Sports set out to market two distinct products, which had the potential for commercialization. The two products were the company’s main focus for the entire duration of its existence. For a company to attain a business platform it must develop prototypes of products and services, test them against the market and make sure that the products meets customer approval before commercialization (Klofsten 1998; Klofsten 2005). Wallia’s weakness is that it started to market a product that it had not tasted on potential users. There was no prototype of the tachometer and the stepometer up until the ninth year and by then, the company was beyond redemption. Therefore the firm did not have a finished product for sale. As such the products were met with a lot of customer dissatisfaction. Conclusion The company had very good opportunities for growth and development from the onset. It had attained a considerable level of b usiness platform by way of achieving the four valuable elements of profitable establishment: human capital, market and industry knowledge, committed founder and the ability to attract capital. These were significant milestones for the company. However there are other opportunities that the company encountered but the firm failed to recognize these opportunities. The firm had an opportunity to create valuable customer relationships with clients for profitable growth but did not. Instead of the company developing prototypes of its products, it ended up marketing products that ha not been tested on market suitability. This led to low sales and eventual collapse. As such the company did not utilize opportunities available to attain full business platform, which would have helped it to survive. Reference List Beaver, G., 2003. Management and the small firm. Strategic Change, Vol. 12, pp.  63 – 68. Bell, C., Mason, H., 1991. A method to diagnose high tech venture. Technology man agement: the new international language. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Davidsson, P., Klofsten, M., 2003. The business platform: developing an instrument to gauge and to assist the development young firms. Journal of business  management, Vol. 41,  No. 1, January 2003 , pp. 1-26. Davis, C., Vladica, F., Berkowitz, I., 2008. Business capabilities of small entrepreneurial media firms: independent production of children’s television in Canada. Journal of media and business studies. Web. Available from www.jombs.com/files/2008512.pdf . Gummesson, E., 2002. The new marketing- Developing long-term interactive relationships. Long range planning, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp 10-20 Hindle, K., Yencken, J., 2004. Public research, commercialism, entrepreneurship and new technology based firm: an integrated model. Technovation, Vol. 24, pp. 793 – 803 Klofsten, M. 2005. New venture ideas: an analysis of their origin and early development. Technology analysis and strategic management. J ournal of Technology Analysis and  Strategic Management, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 105–119. Klosten, M., 1998. The business platform entrepreneurship and management in the early stages of a firm’s development. Technovation, Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 793-803. Mason, C., Harriso, R., 2004. Improving access to early stage venture capital in regional economies: a new approach to investment readiness. The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 159-173 Yencken, J., Gillin, M., 2006. The Klofesten business platform as a self diagnostic tool for new technology based small firms. Paper for HTSF conference 2006. Web. Available from www.utwente.nl/mb/nikos/archief/htsf2006/papers/yenckenetal.pdf . Westhead, P. Wright, M. and Ucbasaran, D. 2001. The internationalization of new and small firms: A resource-based view. Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, No. 4. Williamson, J., 1984, The Leader-manager. London: John Wiley and Sons This report on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform was written and submitted by user Myst1que to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.